[[Old Icelandic MOC]]
# Old Icelandic phonology
## Inventory
### Vowels
From [[Sources/@schultePhonologicalDevelopmentsOld2017]] and [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_orthography#Vowels)
| graph | OWN | 13/14 Jh. | ModIce |
| ----- | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| ‹a› | <span class="narrow">a</span> | | ‹a› <span class="narrow">a</span> |
| ‹á› | <span class="narrow">aː</span> | <span class="narrow">ɔː</span> > <span class="narrow">cw</span> | ‹á› <span class="narrow">auː</span> |
| ‹e› | <span class="narrow">ɛ</span> | | ‹e› <span class="narrow">ɛ</span> |
| ‹é› | <span class="narrow">eː</span> | | ‹é› <span class="narrow">jɛː</span> |
| ‹i› | <span class="narrow">ɪ</span> | | ‹i› <span class="narrow">ɪ</span> |
| ‹í› | <span class="narrow">iː</span> | | ‹í› <span class="narrow">iː</span> |
| ‹o› | <span class="narrow">o</span> | | ‹o› <span class="narrow">ɔ</span> |
| ‹ó› | <span class="narrow">oː</span> | | ‹ó› <span class="narrow">oː</span> |
| ‹u› | <span class="narrow">ʊ</span> | | ‹u› <span class="narrow">ʏ</span> |
| ‹ú› | <span class="narrow">uː</span> | | ‹ú› <span class="narrow">uː</span> |
| ‹y› | <span class="narrow">ʏ</span> | | ‹y› <span class="narrow">ɪ</span> |
| ‹ý› | <span class="narrow">yː</span> | | ‹ý› <span class="narrow">iː</span> |
| ‹ǫ› | <span class="narrow">ɔ</span> | | ‹ö› <span class="narrow">œ</span> |
| ‹ǫ́› | <span class="narrow">ɔː</span> | <span class="narrow">ɔː</span> > <span class="narrow">cw</span> | ‹á› <span class="narrow">auː</span> |
| ‹ø› | <span class="narrow">ø</span> | | ‹ö› <span class="narrow">œ</span> |
| ‹ǿ› | <span class="narrow">øː</span> | <span class="narrow">æː</span> | ‹æ› <span class="narrow">ai</span> |
| ‹œ› | | | ‹æ› <span class="narrow">ai</span> |
| ‹æ› | | | ‹æ› <span class="narrow">ai</span> |
| ‹au› | | | ‹au› <span class="narrow">œy</span> |
| ‹ei› | | | ‹ei› <span class="narrow">eiː</span> |
| ‹ey› | | | ‹ey› <span class="narrow">eiː</span> |
### Consonts
| graph | 13/14 Jh. | ModIce |
| ----- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| ‹ll› | | ‹ll› <span class="narrow">tɬ</span> |
| ‹nn› | | ‹nn› <span class="narrow">tn̥</span> |
| ‹rl› | <span class="narrow">tɬ</span> | ‹rl› <span class="narrow">rtɬ</span> |
| ‹rn› | <span class="narrow">tn̥</span> | ‹rn› <span class="narrow">rtn̥</span> |
| ‹hC› | | ‹hC› <span class="narrow">C̥</span> |
| ‹hv› | | ‹hv› <span class="narrow">xv</span> |
| ‹r› | | ‹r› <span class="narrow">r</span> |
| ‹s› | | ‹s› <span class="narrow">s</span> |
| ‹v› | | ‹v› <span class="narrow">v</span> |
## Rules
- geminate plosive preäspiration `PP -> ʰP`
- f-voicing `f -> v / {_[+voice] [+voice]_}`
- g-frication `g -> ɣ / {[+syll]_[+syll] _[-voice]}`
- v-approximation `v -> ʋ / [+syll]_[+syll]`
- [[OIcel u-umlaut]] `a -> ǫ / _Cu`
- `{n l s}r# -> {n l s}r#`
### General
The following rules were fully active in some form.
- [[OIcel u-umlaut]]
- [[OIcel progressive consonant assimilation]]
- [[OIcel regressive consonant assimilation]]
- [[OIcel consonant shortening]]
- [[OIcel consonant lengthening]]
- [[OIcel contraction]]
- [[OIcel j-deletion]]
- [[OIcel v-deletion]]
- [[OIcel consonant deletion]]
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